Rectifier.



A. T. KASLEY.

RECTIFIER.

APPLICATION IILED'HAY 1,- 1910.

1,098,807. Patented June 2,1914.

2 SHEET&-8HEBT 1.

HIS ATTORNEY IN FACT.

ALEXANDER T. KASLEY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 2, 1914.

Application filed Kay 7, 1910. Serial No. 559,877.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALEXANDER T. KAS- Lm', a citizen of the United States, and a. resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have made a new and useful Invention in Rectifiers, of which the following is a specifica: tion.

This invention relates to the general class of circuit breakers or interru ters and particularly to that class used or converting alternating to direct current.

()ne of the objects of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker where the interrupting is accomplished within a receptacle or casing and to so construct the movable parts of the casing as to render them exteriorly accessible. Heretofore all of the circuit breakers 0r interrupters (wherein the interrupting was accomplished within the casing) have been made so that repairs needed to be made from time to time from the interior of'the casing and it is one of the objects of my invention tofleliminate this undesirable feature in circuit interrupters.

With these and other objects in view my invention consists in certain parts and combinations of parts all of which will be specifically desc'ribed hereinafter, it being understood that changes in form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention.

.In the drawings, Figure 1 illustrates a vertical longitudinal sectional view through a circuit interrupter constructed in accordance with my invention, the pump operating element and the vibrator being shown in elevation. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatical View of a plurality of interrupters'employed in connection with a transformer circuit and Fig. 3 is a diagrammatical view of a plurality of circuit breakers in rectifier circuits.

The form of my invention selected for illustration and best shown in Fig. 1 consists of a casing 10. Within the casing and preferably at the upper end thereof is a fluid rece tacle 11 adapted to contain a suitable con ucting fluid, preferably mercury. The receptacle 11 is provided with a nozzle 12 through which the mercury may escape by gravity to contact with a terminal 13 below the nozzle 12. The space between the nozzle 12 and the contact 13 is intercepted by gaseous fluid from a nozzle 14 communicating with a pulsating chamber 15 from which the gaseous fluid is adapted to be pulsated by a vibrator diaphragm 16 fastened to the casing 10. Leading from the lower portion .of the chamber 15 is a pi e 17 into which mercury or any other con uctin fluid may pass which from any cause may nd its way into the chamber 15. The tube or pipe 17 exhausts into a liquid seal of conducting fluid illustrated at 18 at the bottom of the casing. The bottom of the casing is ro-- vided with an outlet port 19 which leads nto a chamber 20, the outlet port normally bein closed by a valve 21 floating in the body 0% conducting fluid in the chamber 20. The chamber leads into a chamber 22 through a port 23 in a partition separating the chamber 20 from the chamber 22 and the port 23 is normally closed by a hinged valve. The chamber 22 communicates W1th a conduit 25 which leads into the receptacle 11 through the nozzles or outlets 26. These nozzles are small enough to cause the conducting fluid to emerge from them in drops so as to prevent a short circuit between 22 and 12. The chamber 20 communicates with a diaphragm pump comprising a pump chamber 27 and'a diaphragm 28. The diaphragm 28 of the pump is adapted to be vibrated by a vibrator 29 on a reciprocatory shaft 30 which receives its motion from an eccentric 31 on a shaft 32 on which is a pulley 33. The pulley 33 is operated by a belt 34 driven from a pulley on the shaft 35 of a synchronous motor 36 in synchronism with current in leads 37 which supplies the circuit breaker. The synchronous motor 36 operates a reciprocatory shaft 38 carrying a vibrator 39 which vibrates or pulsates the diaphragm 16 so as to pulsate to and fro by agitation gaseous fluid currents preferably strong enough to break up the flowing column of conducting fluid into minute glob ules. Under some conditions however the current of gaseous fluid passing throu h the nozzle 12 may be insuflicient to, of itse f, interrupt the continuity of the conducting fluid, but in such an event it will be sufficient to deflect the flowin column of conducting fluid either t-hroug the nozzle 40 or the nozzle 41, in either of which event the continuity of the circuit from the binding post 4.2 through the conductin fluid to the contact 13 Wlll be broken. he pump is geared down so that the pulsation of its diaphragm, 28 will be slower than the pulsetions of the diaphragm 16 but the pump will create pressure on the body of fluid in the chamber 20 and cause it to pass into the chamber 22, thence into th receptacle 11 where it will flow down into the bottom of the casing so that a constantflow of conducting fluid willbe maintained by the pump.

In Fig. 2 I have shown two circuit breakers connected to a coil of a transformer and in this figure, 43 designates a coil, 44 and 45, the A. C. conductors. Terminals of the coil are connected to the contacts or terminals 13 of the intcrrupters. One conductor for the direct current is indicated at 46 and is connected to the terminals 42 of the interrupters. The other conductor for the direct current is indicated .at 47 and it is connected to the coil 43 of the transformer.

In Fig. 3 I have illustrated an arrangement for a rectifier in which the conductors 48 and 49 carry the alternating current. The conductor 48 is connected in parallel with two circuit breakers and the conductor 49 is.

connected in parallel with two circuit breakers. In each case the conductors 48 and 49 are connected to terminals corresponding to the terminals 13 in Fig. 1. One conductor 50 carrying the direct current is connected to the terminals 42 of .the circuit breakers in circuit with the conductor 48. The other conductor 51 carrying the direct current is connected to the terminals 42 of the circuit breakers in circuit with the conductor 49. By

providing interrupters as illustrated alter mating current may pass from an alternator to the two groups of circuit breakers as shown in Fig. 3 and the alternating interruptions will permit direct current to pass out on the lines 50 and 51.

From the foregoing it will be observed that the device used, as illustrated in Fig. 1, consists merely of a circuit breaker, that when arranged as illustrated in Fig. 2 a transformer is provided and that the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 constitutes a converter or rectifier whereby alternating current may be converted directly int-o pulsating current.

Having now described my invention, What I claim is:

1. A circuit breaker comprising means for delivering a stream of conducting fluid, and means for pulsating blasts of gaseous fluid across the path of flow of the conducting fluid to interrupt the continuity of its flow.

2. In a current interrupter, means for providing a flow of conducting fluid, A... C. leads, a conductor leading from the A, C. leads to the conducting fluid, a l). C. terminal with. which the flow is adapted to contact, means for pulsating air blasts across the fluid to interrupt its continuity, and a synchronous motor receivin current from the generator operating said pulsating means.

3. In current interrupter, a casing,

means for causing a continuous flow oi? conducting .fiuid within the casing, and pulsating means for intermittently interrupting said flow.

4. In a current interrupter, means for delivering a stream of liquid, an electric terminal normally in the path of said stream, pulsating means for periodically deflecting said stream out of contact with said terminal and an electrical terminal electrically connected to said stream.

5. A' current interrupter comprising, means for delivering a stream of electrical conducting liquid, a circuit terminal electrically connected to said stream of liquid, a second circuit terminal located in the normal path of said stream of liquid, and reciprocating means for oscillating said stream so as to periodically move it out of contact with said second terminal.

6. A current interrupter comprising, means for delivering a constant stream of an electrical conducting liquid, a circuit terminal in electrical connection with said stream, a second terminal in the normal path of said stream, and means for creating air currents for periodically deflecting said stream out of contact with said second terminal.

7 A. current interrupter com rising, means for delivering a substantial y constant stream of an electrical conducting liquid, a terminal electrically connected to said stream, a second terminal in the normal path of said stream, and vibrating means for setting up pulsating air currents and for thereby periodically deflecting said stream out of contact with said terminal.

8. In combination, an alternating current circuit, a direct current circuit, means for delivering a substantially constant stream of conducting liquid, and pulsating means for periodically oscillating the stream of liquid so as to periodically make and break electrical connection between a terminal in said alternating and a terminal in said direct current circuit.

9. In combination with the terminals of an auto-transformer, and a direct current circuit, means for delivering two streams of an electrical conducting liquid for the purpose of completing connections between the terminals of said transformer and said direct current circuit, and means vibrating in synchronism with the current reversals in the transformer, for deflecting said streams of liquid and for thereby delivering a unidirectional current to said direct current circuit, from said alternating current circuit.

10. In combination with the terminals of a direct current circuit and an alternating current circuit, means for delivering a plurality of streams of an electrical conducting liquid, for the purpose of completingelectrical connections between the terminals of said direct said alternating current circuit,

and means, vibrating in synchronism with the current reversals in thealternating current circuit for periodically deflecting said streams of liquid, and for thereby delivering 1 uni-directional current from said alternatmg current circuit and said direct current :ircuit.

11. A current interrupter comprising, a- :asing, a stationary reservoir within the eas- ;ng and provided with a nozzle for deliver- .ng by gravity a constant and substantially lniform flow of electricalconducting liquid, in electric terminal within the casing in :he path of said stream of liquid, meansfor :ausmg pulsations in the air within the casng and for thereby periodically deflecting ;he stream delivered by the nozzle, and neans for delivering the liquid discharged Erom the nozzle back to said reservoir.

12. A current interrupter, comprising a casing, a liquid receptacle within the casing v ALEXANDER T.YKASL'E-Y.

Witnesses:

C. W. MCGHEE, B. F. FUNK. 

